On Magic & Miracles: A Theological Guide to Discerning Fictional Magic by Marian A. JacobsMy rating: 5 of 5 stars
The general church approach to fantasy fiction is often one of wariness - and often dependent on the individual pastor and their reading preferences. There are some clearly "accepted" fantasy works, such as CS Lewis' Chronicles of Narnia and Tolkien's Lord of the Rings. But everything else falls in a grey area - traditional fairy tales with elfs and pixies are okay, but Greek mythology may or may not be acceptable, whilst all kinds of Chinese mythology are "obviously evil".
This weird double standard in the church is often related to how "acceptable" a certain kind of mythology and/or culture is, and obviously, whether those particular myths are related to religions currently being practiced. In simple terms, Greek mythology appears more acceptable because it's both white-coded and a mostly dead religion, whilst Chinese mythology often relates to spiritual rituals or beliefs that are still being practiced.
In On Magic & Miracles: A Theological Guide to Discerning Fictional Magic, Marian A. Jacobs delves into scripture to explain what's often seen as "magic" in the bible vs "miracles", with 5 discernment questions to help you tell the difference. This takes up Part 1 of the book - and it's interesting ground to cover. Jacobs brings up both ends of the spectrum: materialism, where all these "supernatural" stuff doesn't exist at all, and overspiritualism (overcorrection?), where EVERYTHING is affected by spirits and demons.
Look, I've lived in the trenches of the latter - with "pastors" declaring that even wearing clothes with an animal image can imbue you with the spirit of the animal - and I live in Asia - where it's very obvious that the spiritual realm exists. So whilst I feel like Jacobs is balanced in her treatment, she does cater a more to her (intended) Western audience, with its unthinking acceptance of Western cultural practices as part of Christianity. There's a focus on New Age, pagan lifestyles, and occult practices, with interviews with ex-witches, and everything else swept mostly under a general "Eastern religions".
Part 2 looks at how the 5 Discernment Questions should be applied to fiction, with consideration to literary conventions and author intentions as well as the final message of the story. And how, at times, you need to READ THE WHOLE BOOK before you can judge whether something is good or bad. Many stories start with a not-ideal situation and bad characters with the goal of ending in a good place and evil defeated or bad characters given a redemption arc. And in recent days, with our poor comprehension skills and outrage culture, many readers write off something from the start without understanding the whole thing. This happens very often in uber-Christian circles, where you're not even supposed to depict evil - when the point of some stories is to point out that EVIL IS EVIL. It concludes with an example of how Jacobs herself applied the framework to the Harry Potter series, the series that pretty much divided the church about fantasy works back in the day.
Side note: Critical reading is important, people!
While Jacobs says it's not really a book for parenting, it does phrase an entire chapter on "how to choose good fantasy books for your kids" vs discerning good reading material for yourself. Which, I mean, you can apply to yourself, but it does have a bit of a parenting vibe lol. This isn't an issue, I just found it funny.
Overall, On Magic & Miracles doesn't tell you what you should or shouldn't read (or write!), but offers a framework to think about what you're reading - as with any theological guide, it comes down to spiritual discernment of what's good and beneficial for you. It's a solid work to look at for general theological principles, and is not a "what books am I allowed to read" list.
Note: I received a digital ARC of this book from the B&H Publishing Group. Opinions expressed in this review are completely my own.
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